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Beginning with the election of the prime minister in October 1862, the Central Committee of the Recovered Empire held four consecutive meetings from October 1862 until January 1863 in order to maintain the bottom line of basic work. At the end of these four months of long meetings, three major consensus was reached. And he made the corresponding decision.
The first one would start in October every year and end in January of the following year. In between, there would be three national conferences. The three national conferences were respectively the National Conference of the Restoration Party, the newly established State Council Summary and Report Conference, and the "National Conference of the Workers' Representatives" under the orders of Vézé. This was the fixed mechanism that was later known as the Three Meetings.
The second was the name of the country. Ever since the First Emperor abolished the feudal system and established counties and counties, the traditional "country" was actually a very unorthodox administrative unit. After the Tang Dynasty, the state within the state formed a close cultural connection with the rebellion. Later on, even during the Great Schism Era, the various separatist regimes still referred to themselves as dynasties. The Restoration Party finally decided on the name of their country, which was the "Chinese Min dynasty." In short, it was called "Zhonghua". The difference from the past was that the documents referred to the Min dynasty as "New China", and the previous eras were collectively referred to as the old society.
The third was that the Restoration Party made a resolution to entrust the Central Committee of the Restoration Party to undertake the formulation of the Constitution of the Min dynasty. The Constitution established that sovereignty belonged to the people, and the labourers of China, led by the Restoration Party, were the ruling class. The constitution also transferred part of the country's power to Emperor Vézé. In terms of legal principles, Emperor Vézé had the final right to amend the constitution, as well as the right to make the final decision on the judiciary and administration.
In the eyes of later generations, the real outcome of the great political debate of 1862 was this constitution. This was the true beginning of China's transition from the old era into the new era. But in the discussions at that time, the constitution was passed by Vézé based entirely on his personal prestige and political appeal. Everyone felt that the Military Governor Of Vaize had nothing better to do, coming up with all this nonsense. That was not what the participants really cared about.
The Restoration Party itself was rapidly slipping into the traditional feudal system of power, and Vézé was facing tremendous resistance. At this crossroads that would determine the era, Wei Ze used the instinctive pursuit of social justice that these comrades of peasant origin still had. He used the deep cultural tradition, and even more so, he used the organization and power that was firmly grasped in Wei Ze's hands. Wei Ze reached a compromise with the founding ministers, which was somewhat similar to "releasing troops with a cup of wine".
This law, which was nicknamed the "Alchemy and Iron Bond Law" by later generations, stipulated that if all the meritorious founding officials were willing to give up their administrative power after the liberation of the country, each person with the highest administrative rank at the time of retirement would receive a "pension" of four million dollars under the silver standard currency system of 1862. The pension was paid out over 20 years after the official retirement. If he died within 20 years of retirement, the remainder would be paid to the legal heir of the founding hero.
If it did not involve major criminal laws, even if the founding heroes were involved in a lawsuit, the treatment of the founding heroes would be equivalent to the criminal law. But it could only be offset once.
It was not recorded in the "Alchemy and Iron Bond Law", but in the secret decision of the Central Conference of the Restoration Party, the children of the founding heroes would be treated generously in the civil service system.
The founding heroes were guaranteed by the "Alchemy and Iron Bond Law". In return for this generous reward, and out of the profound cultural and moral accumulation of the Chinese, everyone accepted Vézé's request that "all the people of the Min dynasty, including Vézé, must abide by the law".
The National Conference of the Restoration Party also held the power of the "National Conference of Workers", which meant that they had the power to legislate. This "compromise" did indeed give the founding heroes a sense of security. Even Vézé had to abide by the law, and the power to legislate was in the hands of the National Conference of the Restoration Party. No matter how many tricks Emperor Vézé came up with, as long as the Military Governor Vaize personally led the team to do the paperwork that everyone did not understand, instead of getting everyone into trouble, everyone let Vézé do whatever he wanted. After all, if the country was governed by law, the actual power of the founding heroes would be strengthened.
For example, the Prime Minister was similar to the Prime Minister under the old system. Under the old system, the Prime Minister was second only to the Emperor and above tens of thousands of people. Under the new system, the new government units had no legislative power. Under the system of governing the country according to law, the power of the administrative units without legislative power was greatly reduced on the surface. This was the idea that Vézé tried his best to convince everyone to accept.
Because of the demotion of the administrative units, the big shots no longer fought for the position of Prime Minister for their own factions, so they elected Bi Qingshan, the secretary of the Guangdong Provincial Party Committee who presided over the land reform in Guangdong, as Prime Minister of the State Council. During the first five-year term of the Prime Minister of the State Council, the Restoration Party, the Liberation Army, and the government reached a consensus that the land reform should be carried out in the liberated areas.
After the dust settled, Vézé called the Minister of Personnel, Wei Changrong, to his house for dinner. He asked, "Changrong, what do you think?"
Wei Changrong replied, "I think it's good. Fourth Uncle, you've finally put everyone's minds at ease. "
Although Wei Changrong was Vézé's nephew, he was three or four years older than Vézé. Rather than calling them uncle and nephew, they were more like brothers. Wei Changrong, who controlled the Ministry of Personnel, was one of the three pillars of Vézé's power system. The more prominent of the other two pillars was Lin Asheng, the secretary of the National Political and Legal Committee, who had followed Vézé during the Yongan period. Vézé did not use the concept of the separation of powers. He dared to propose the idea of ruling the country by law because the Political and Legal Committee was also firmly in the hands of Vézé.
As for the third pillar, it was Shen Xin, whom Vézé was very optimistic about, and Wang Mingshan, who was released by Vézé to be in charge of the land reform in Huainan. These two young people were only representative figures. There were also a group of young people, including Pang Congcong, who were either involved in politics or in the military industry. The military faction, which was once extremely large and seemed to have the power to cover the sky, was now cleverly bound by Vézé within the scope of the military. If young people like Shen Xin could grow up quickly, Vézé would have an overwhelming advantage in party affairs. The entire structure of power would gradually be completed.
"But Fourth Uncle, the sovereignty of the people that you proposed is interesting." Wei Changrong was much more interested in the constitution than the others.
"If I say that the sovereignty is in my hands, I won't be able to deal with people once many policies are implemented." Vézé replied. Vézé used to think that the political system was nonsense because all powerful countries had a powerful government. The dominant position of the executive power in society was a common feature of all powerful countries. The federal system in the United States was also greatly expanded during the Great Depression of 29 years.
The civil servants in the United States referred to all government employees other than political appointees, with a total of 24.03 million people. The civil servants in France referred to the government, public institutions, public hospitals, and primary and secondary school teachers, with a total of 5.05 million people. The civil servants in Japan referred to the public servants in the government system, the Diet, the courts, schools, and hospitals, with a total of 4.49 million people. The civil servants in the United Kingdom referred to the permanent civil servants who were not elected or appointed, with a total of 460,000 people.
The civil servants in the new China had two categories of statistics. The narrow civil servants referred to the staff of all levels of administrative agencies, with a total of 5 million people; the broad civil servants referred to the staff of administrative agencies, political parties, and social organizations, with a total of 10.53 million people.
According to the definition of civil servants in each country, the ratio of civil servants to the total population in each country was 1: 12 in the United States, 1: 12 in France, 1: 29 in Japan, and 1: 125 in the United Kingdom. There were two situations in China: the narrow civil servants' ratio was 1: 256, and the broad civil servants' ratio was 1: 122.
The powerful bureaucratic system was the common feature of the world's powerful countries, and this involved a problem. If the sovereignty was in Vézé's hands, then the powerful bureaucratic system only needed to report to Vézé. According to the traditional Chinese culture, the punished official pointed at Vézé and cursed, "I did XXX for you!" Then Vézé would immediately be accused.
So Vézé replied, "Changrong, you will be in charge of combat training. If someone trained to the death for the sake of glory. When there were casualties, would he dare to say that it was all for you, Wei Changrong? "
Wei Changrong heard this and roughly understood Vézé's meaning. He smiled and said, "Of course, some people said it, and some people even cursed it."
Vézé smiled and said, "That's what happened. If it's soldiers for the general, then the sovereignty is in the emperor. If it's the General Staff System, then the sovereignty is in the people. Do you understand what I'm saying? "
Wei Changrong, who had rich experience in practical work, nodded vigorously. "I understand. More sweat in peacetime, less blood in wartime. That's the same system for all officers and soldiers. The total number of sacrifices borne by the soldiers is actually more. "
Seeing that Wei Changrong completely understood this, Vézé breathed a sigh of relief, but did not continue to talk about this troublesome problem. If the sovereignty was in the people, then Vézé's view of the bureaucratic system that ran amok would be very different. Although there would definitely be things like populism, Vézé could use science to fight against the bureaucracy and populism. There was an essential difference between these two things.
Fortunately, right now, what everyone wanted was the power after the founding of the nation. And what was even more worth celebrating was that these comrades had been working hard up until now. The troublemakers and the incompetent had been purged several times in the past. The comrades who were left had not degenerated to the point where they thought that reaping without sowing was a matter of course. As long as they were promised a stable future, these former rebels who still had a sense of justice did not disappoint Vézé in the end. After all, they were people who had been bullied by the old era. No matter what, they could not say that they wanted to oppress the people, that they wanted to run amok. There were even quite a few people who, until now, were sincerely opposed to oppressing the people, and were sincerely hostile to running amok.
Rejoicing at the simplicity of the founders of the nation, Vézé said to Wei Changrong, "You also have to do a good job in the personnel department. Something big will definitely happen next."
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