There was a Western political economist named Malthus who once put forward a famous theory.
The development of a civilization's population could not exceed the level of agricultural development. Once it exceeded the level, the excess population would inevitably be eliminated in some way.
The rise and fall of countless civilizations from ancient times to the present had proved this theory.
This theory was called the "Malthus Trap" or "Malthus Disaster", or more directly, the "Population Trap".
Wars always claimed many lives and brought great pain to the survivors. Therefore, people criticized war, rejected war, and even wanted to destroy it. However, most wars were not driven by the greed of some people, but by the existence of people themselves.
The growth of population had exceeded the development of productivity in most historical periods, and all of this was driven by the climate, especially for China.
During the warm period of history, there was a lot of food in the fields. Whether it was the nomads in the north or the farmers in the south, they all had enough to eat. The necessary factors to start a war did not exist. Greed and desire were not enough to cause a full-scale war, but once the ice age entered, war was inevitable.
The large number of people accumulated during the warm period could not get enough food during the ice age. Under the constraints of productivity and climate, the food production was not enough to feed so many people. Therefore, if there was no war or plunder, they would starve to death. Between the two options of war and starvation, any normal human would choose the former.
This dilemma also existed in the current Jurchen tribes.
The Jurchen people were fishing and hunting people, relying on fishing and hunting for a living. Because they were close to the land of the Han, there were also Jurchen tribes who learned farming methods. As time passed, many Jurchen people also relied on farming to support themselves.
Farming, hunting, fishing, gathering, relying on this way of life to survive and flourish in this land.
It was easy to imagine how low the intensity of this mode of production was. In the past, because of the lack of unity between the tribes, there were often large and small conflicts. Wars were not uncommon, and the population and productivity of the tribes could barely keep up.
However, in the past six or seven years, because of the intervention of the Han people and the strong suppression of Li Rusong, the population of the major Jurchen tribes began to increase.
This was originally a good phenomenon. They needed strong soldiers, but with the increase in population, they gradually found that there was not enough food to eat. No matter how hard they hunted, fished, and farmed, they still felt that there was not enough food to eat.
This situation made them very puzzled and terrified. Hunger was something that could make anyone tremble in fear.
The seeds of war began to quietly grow.
Because of the land, food, game, and the rewards of the Ming Dynasty, there were many conflicts between the tribes.
When the Daqin government was established, Li Rusong was transferred away, the Liaodong Army was divided, and the external oppressive force was changed. They had begun to move, but they did not know the policy of the Daqin government, so they did not dare to act recklessly. However, the situation changed after the Daqin government opened the arms ban to them.
Some people couldn't wait any longer.
But the first to make trouble was not Nurhaci, but the Hessian Jurist Tribe who had long wanted to kill Nurhaci.
Nurhaci started with little power, and in a sense, it can be regarded as the counterattack of the Jurchen civilians. Therefore, he has always been looked down upon by the Baylers of Haixi who think that they have "accumulated prestige".
But as Nurhaci unified the Jianzhou, his power grew stronger and stronger, which finally made the Hessian Jurchen uneasy.
Hada Bayler, Hulgan, Yehe Bayler, Nalingbulu, and others tried to control Nurhaci by marrying him. They also blackmailed Nurhaci several times in an attempt to force him to cede his land to limit the expansion of the Jurchen Jurchen Tribe in Jianzhou, but Nurhaci refused all of them.
After non-war methods lost their effect, Nalingbulu and others decided not to sit back and watch Nurhaci develop, but to destroy him. So in the 21st year of Wanli, they decided to attack Nurhaci together. As a result, Nurhaci's troops were recruited by the Ming court to the south to help attack the Japanese pirates. Nurhaci's Jianzhou guards were protected by Li Rusong, and the Hessian Jurchen did not dare to fight with the famous Li Rusong, so they could only withdraw their troops.
In the following years, Nalingbulu and others had some minor conflicts with Nurhaci, but because of the Ming court's intervention, the war could not be fought, and it dragged on for six years.
But this time, no one could stop it.
Nalingbulu could no longer hold back his desire to attack Nurhaci.
So, after returning to his territory with the weapons he got from the trade and arming the soldiers, he immediately led them to the Jianzhou territory, looted a cave stronghold, killed more than a hundred people, and captured more than three hundred people. He swaggered back to his territory, and then spread the news to the Hessian Jurchen tribes.
When Nurhaci returned to Hetuala and heard the news, he was furious, and immediately sent someone to question Nalingbulu why he had betrayed the alliance. Nalingbulu's sister was Nurhaci's wife, so the two could be considered relatives, but this relationship was insignificant compared to the interests of the tribe.
Nalingbulu casually brushed off Nurhaci's messenger, which made Nurhaci even angrier. After discussing with He Heli, Nurhaci directly sent troops to attack a cave stronghold under Nalingbulu's jurisdiction, an eye for an eye.
This angered Nalingbulu, and he immediately prepared to send troops to fight back. But at this time, Nalingbulu received news from the Huifa tribe, Ula tribe, and Hada tribe, saying that the three tribes were willing to join forces with the Yehe tribe to attack Nurhaci.
After several years of recuperation, the four tribes of Hessian possessed great strength, and with such great strength, the four tribes naturally wanted to expand.
Their first target was the Jianzhou Nurhaci, who made them very unhappy.
So, Nalingbulu stopped sending troops, and immediately replied to the three tribes, asking them to send troops to help, and strive to wipe out the Jianzhou Jurchen tribe in one fell swoop, and get rid of Nurhaci, this big trouble.
Who did he think he was, daring to call himself Shu Le Bei Lei.
The noble Bei Lei of Hessian decided to make Nurhaci history.
This news was learned by the secret agents of Black Water hidden in the Jurchen tribe, so the news was quickly sent to the hands of Liao Zhong and Ma Chong. At that time, the four tribes of Hessian had not yet gathered.
When Liao Zhong and Ma Chong learned that the Jurchen tribe was about to start a civil war, they immediately became vigilant. They realized that this was a good opportunity to observe the Jurchen tribe's fighting style and understand their strength. They wanted to know why His Majesty the Emperor was so afraid of a group of barbarians.
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