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Another "national treasure" will be delivered tomorrow! Precise positioning is like looking for a needle in a haystack!
On the 30th of this month, China's 4,500-meter manned submersible, the Deep Sea Warrior, will be officially accepted and delivered. It has the world's most advanced control system and is expected to serve marine scientific research for the next 30 years.
A new generation of submersible control system officially released
The Deep Sea Warrior has the world's most advanced control system. This control system was officially released a few days ago. This means that it can be used in all kinds of submersibles in the future. It will also lay the foundation for the 10,000-meter class submersible that China is building. If a manned submersible is an intelligent creature, the control system is like the creature's brain and nervous system. How smart is it?
Zhu Puqiang, Deep Sea Warrior's control system development project leader:
For example, the submersible's posture underwater, how it runs forward, how it operates, how it hovers, all have very good control. In addition, cars are also developing toward autonomous or autonomous driving. Our submersible already has the ability to drive itself.
China's self-developed 10,000-meter class submersible is expected to dive to the deepest part of the world's ocean, the Mariana Trench, in 2020. Ten thousand meters deep in the sea, it's pitch black and the temperature plummets. Each square centimeter of the submersible has to bear a pressure of 1.1 tons. How to ensure the safety of the three submersibles is the most important issue of the submersible control system.
First of all, the advanced collision avoidance system can ensure that the submersible can brake when it encounters obstacles in the deep sea. In addition, if the submersible leaks, the control system can turn off the hydraulic system to protect the main body of the submersible.
Zhao Bing, Deep Sea Warrior manned submersible test pilot:
It is a very challenging problem to make a 20-ton manned submersible overcome its own inertia and current disturbances to achieve a control accuracy of plus or minus 20 centimeters at the bottom of the sea. We have carried out repeated designs and improvements. Finally, we have verified that our control system and control accuracy can meet the design requirements.
Finding a needle in the sea with precise positioning
In addition to autonomous driving, emergency braking, and preventing leakage, the most amazing design of the new generation of submersible control system is that it comes with its own navigation system, which can be used to find a needle in a haystack.
Zhu Puqiang, Deep Sea Warrior manned submersible control system manager:
For example, we need to go to the hydrothermal zone, the cold spring zone, or do undersea culture in the abyss. We need to go to the location where we put the equipment, and we need to go there a second or multiple times. So, this is equivalent to looking for a needle in a haystack.
The ten thousand meters deep sea was vast and boundless. After three generations of technological innovation, the new submersible control system finally achieved underwater navigation and positioning. The test pilot, Zhao Bing, explained that during the Deep Sea Warrior's 22nd dive, one of the missions was to find the marker for the 19th dive.
Deep Sea Warrior manned submarine test pilot Zhao Bing:
At that time, the only information we had was the coordinates that were recorded when it was deployed. To search for such a marker with a diameter of less than 50 centimeters at a depth of 3,500 meters was like looking for a needle in a haystack. With the marker as the center, we searched the area with a diameter of 20 meters like a snake. Finally, relying on the navigation algorithm and our search strategy, we successfully found the marker.
Independently Develop and Build the Strongest Brain of Submersible
The Deep Sea Warrior manned submersible was entirely developed and built by the Chinese. The control system was the most complex design system. The road to localization was not a smooth one. In the words of scientists, it was like crossing the river by feeling the stones. From the first generation, which could only complete simple operations, to having the most powerful brain, it took 16 years.
Zhu Puqiang, Deep Sea Warrior manned submarine control system manager:
The first generation mainly met the requirements of engineering, which was to complete the simplest control of the submersible. The requirement was that the submersible could move, work, and dive. Because our first generation was also a pioneer, there was no such thing in China before.
In order to meet scientific needs, the second generation of the submersible control system added a deep-sea topographic map to it, allowing the submersible to find its way in the deep sea. In the latest generation, many advanced commands and functions were implemented, creating the world-class brain and nerves of the submersible.
Zhao Yang, Deep Sea Warrior manned submarine chief designer:
During the actual debugging, a lot of data couldn't even be collected. Therefore, at that time, we also spent a lot of energy on the scene to improve the interface module and solve some data circuit problems that appeared on it. In the end, all our domestic equipment was connected together, and the stable, safe, and reliable operation of the current manned submersible control system was achieved.
This was a determined change.
Large production capacity became a pacesetter for cutting capacity, using an online platform to do steel business.
"Looking back at the development process of China's steel industry from supply shortage to serious overcapacity, we will find that China's steel enterprises have a tendency of homogenization of strategies and products. The competition between enterprises is not based on differentiation strategies, but on operating efficiency under homogenization." Chen Derong said that with the emergence of domestic steel overcapacity in recent years, Baowu not only responded to the call of the country to cut capacity, but also thought about how to transform and develop.
Real-time transaction data announced on the big screen of Ouye's e-commerce platform. Photo taken by Reporter Liu Lu of Future Network
In 2016, China Baowu resolved 9.97 million tons of excess capacity, exceeding the annual task given by the country, accounting for 15% of the country's total excess capacity. Of which, the original Baosteel Group completed 5.55 million tons of capacity reduction, and the original Wuhan Steel Group completed 4.42 million tons of capacity reduction. In 2017, the target of 5.45 million tons was also completed.
With the consideration of the problem of excess capacity in the steel market, China Baowu also began to seek its own characteristics.
In 2015, China Baowu (then Baosteel) launched the B2B Ouye's e-commerce platform. The platform was mainly targeted at small and medium-sized enterprises, trading steel through the online platform, and then providing personalized services to users. According to the staff of Ouye's platform, Ouye had become a real third-party trading platform.
During the visit that day, the reporter learned from Ouye's real-time transaction data that on November 27, the transaction volume on Ouye's platform reached 291.6925 million yuan.
China's steel industry is developing in a new direction: getting rid of the rough to get the best
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