Massachusetts, United States of America.
A plane landed at Boston International Airport.
Frank Wilczek had just flown back to Boston from the CERN headquarters in Switzerland. He got into his student's car.
The old professor was sitting in the passenger seat. He placed his laptop on the seat and connected it to the wireless network. Just when he was about to deal with his work emails, he received an email from across the Pacific Ocean.
When he saw the sender's name, he raised his eyebrows and began to read the email.
The PhD student sitting in the driver's seat glanced at the email on the screen and asked casually.
"Professor, how's the situation at CERN?"
Frank asked casually while reading the email.
"So far, the situation is quite optimistic. A confidence level of three sigma can be confirmed as a sign. The CERN staff is checking the instruments, cleaning the tracks, and holding a press conference. At the same time, they are giving their colleagues time to write papers. When the experiment restarts in early October, we have to complete the theoretical part this month. Starting next month, I'll let you live in Geneva … What? "
The PhD student saw that the professor did not speak, so he asked, "What?"
"Nothing …" Frank read the email and frowned. He suddenly smiled and shook his head. "It's an interesting point, but I don't agree."
In the email, the young man from China wrote.
[Dear Professor Frank, I have some questions about the supersymmetry theory that you proposed. According to the Deligné tensor category theorem, a category that satisfies certain conditions must be the representation category of a supersymmetric group G. Therefore, we can say that supersymmetry is a more natural generalization of field theory. However, in your supplementary theory, you assume that there is an extra dimension beyond the representation category of the symmetric field to explain why the supersymmetric particle is too large. Does this violate the Deligné tensor category theorem?]
Academic exchanges were not based on seniority. There was no need to be polite. Therefore, when Lu Zhou discovered the problem, he did not hesitate to point it out.
He believed that Mr. Frank would not fuss over such a trivial matter, given his age and the fact that he was able to invite him to do research together.
However, the old man's reply was equally blunt …
Lu Zhou was on the other side of the Pacific Ocean in Jinling. He edited the data into an email and sent it to Frank Wilczek's email. He then leaned back in his chair and stretched his back.
Just as he was about to get up to eat, an unread email suddenly appeared in his mailbox.
Lu Zhou opened the email and looked at the time on the bottom right corner of the desktop. He was surprised.
Holy shit, does this old man wake up so early?
Switzerland was six hours later than Beijing, and it was only five o 'clock in the morning there, right?
At this moment, he did not know that Mr. Frank had returned to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, nor did he know that he had just gotten off the plane. Otherwise, he would have been even more surprised by the old man's enthusiasm for his work.
The reply in the email was very simple, mainly answering his question.
[Lu: The attachment has been received. Also, regarding your question, I admire your mathematical physics foundation, but my suggestion is that you should review the expression of Wigner's theorem in quantum mechanics. You will understand that there is no problem with the assumptions I made for the supersymmetric supplementary theory.]
As a theoretical physics researcher, Lu Zhou certainly knew about Wigner's theorem. This was the cornerstone of the mathematical expression of quantum mechanics.
This theorem described the symmetry principle in physical systems, such as how rotation, translation, or CPT operations changed the state on a Hilbert space.
According to this theorem, elementary particles could basically be represented by the irreducible unitary Lie group, and these representations could be made tensor products. This operation just happened to correspond to the physical particle bound state.
Isn't it amazing?
Mathematics and physics, linked by a theorem, were organically combined.
It was this property that later provided the theoretical cornerstone for the application of Deligné's tensor category theorem in physics.
Lu Zhou knew what Professor Franck meant. His hypothesis for the supersymmetric supplementary theory was in line with the framework set by Wigner's theorem. There was no big problem, it just lacked mathematical beauty.
For example, as Lu Zhou said, it was impossible to use Deligné's tensor category theorem to explain the rationality of this extra dimension, even though the possibility of its existence could not be completely denied.
Lu Zhou thought for a bit. He put his hands on the keyboard and typed his thoughts.
[But don't you think we can use a more mathematical model to explain the characteristic peak that exists in the 750 GeV energy zone? We don't need to introduce an extra dimension outside of a fully symmetric field to explain the source of its mass, forcing it to be a supersymmetric particle … I mean, is it possible that this is a dark matter particle that we don't understand?]
Although he had suggested that the 750 GeV energy zone signal might come from supersymmetric particles in order to convince the old man, he was not that obsessed with supersymmetric particles.
There could be many things behind the characteristic peak. The universe itself was not constructed by a single set of theories.
Lu Zhou felt that the dark matter particle was the most likely explanation.
After all, the signal was weak enough. If it were not for a large number of collisions, this clue might not have been discovered. The reason why dark matter was difficult to observe was that it almost did not interact with other elementary particles, including photons.
Lu Zhou pressed the reply button. He was not in a hurry to eat. Instead, he leaned back in his chair and quietly waited.
If the old man happened to be replying to the email, he would probably not have to wait too long to see a reply.
Sure enough, not long after, an email popped up.
[What you said is possible, but I don't think it's likely. I'm sure that CERN's equipment is not advanced enough to observe dark matter. If the signal observed on ATLAS and CMS detectors is dark matter, I'm sure that the characteristic peak of the two will not appear so consistent. If you have any doubts about this, you may consult Mr. Lynn Evans. As for my theory, I can also explain it.]
Lu Zhou squinted his eyes and read the email from beginning to end. Before he could think of a way to refute it, two more unread emails were thrown into his inbox.
[If there is an extra dimension of compactification, then every field in the high-dimensional space will correspond to an ordinary field in the four-dimensional space with a zero-brane, plus an infinite number of fields whose mass is inversely proportional to the length of the compactification. The source of this field can be used as the Fourier series of the original zero film field in the compact dimension!]
[Supersymmetric particles should also have this kind of field. Because of this relationship, the coupling between supersymmetric particles and fermions should not be suppressed by the Planck energy standard, but rather, it should be increased. I think this makes sense in theory. Therefore, according to this theory, we should be able to find supersymmetric particles below TeV, so you can have more confidence in the LHC.]
F * ck, this typing speed is a bit fast.
However, after the first email destroyed CERN's equipment, the last email made him more confident in CERN's collider …
What the hell is going on?
Lu Zhou stared at the three emails for a while. His hands on the keyboard did not move at all.
The old man was so confident in his theory, and what he said was reasonable and well-founded.
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